The 9 year war in Ireland (1594) ended with the flight of the earls in 1607. Why did this lead to a Plantation of English and Scottish settlers in Ulster?

The 9 Years War in Ireland saw Spanish troops siding with Irish lords against the English crown. The war drew to a close when the Spanish defeated in Kinsale aligned themselves with Hugh O'Neill (Tyrone) and Red Hugh O'Donnell (Donegal). They defeated Mountjoy (the Lord Deputy of Ireland) in several battles across Munster. The tide turned when Mountjoy targeted their food supplies and the war ended with Elizabeth signing a peace treaty with Hugh O'Neill at Mellifont. However Red Hugh O'Donnell for example, was murdered in 1602 at an inn in the Pyrenees, while on his way to collect troops. <br><br>In 1601 James VI of Scotland had become James I of England. In 1607 Hugh O'Neill and Rory O'Donnell (who had become earl of Tyrconnell after Hugh O'Donnell's death) decided to flee Ireland. With them fled many of the other earls. This led to a Plantation of English and Scottish settlers in Ulster.